IEEE Control Systems Letters · 2026

VigilMPC: Certified Online Tube Model Predictive Control for Safe Real-Time Neuromodulation

Yu Mao, Zhichao Liang, Junxiang Zhang, Quanying Liu, Tongxin Li

IEEE Control Systems Letters

Can a predictive controller safely update its learned dynamics online?

VigilMPC accepts a predictor update only when a backup plan remains feasible under tightened constraints. Recursive feasibility and constraint satisfaction follow under the tube MPC assumptions. Evaluation uses simulated neural dynamics and a switching benchmark, rather than clinical deployment.

Research themes

Connections

From language context to constrained actions

INSTRUCT MPC translates human instructions into disturbance predictions. World model certification and VigilMPC study complementary ways of deciding which learned models can support reliable planning and safe updates.

Open questions

Certified contextual control

Can contextual and world model updates be certified before they affect a physical system?

Explore open directions

Cite this paper

Yu Mao, Zhichao Liang, Junxiang Zhang, Quanying Liu, Tongxin Li. VigilMPC: Certified Online Tube Model Predictive Control for Safe Real-Time Neuromodulation. IEEE Control Systems Letters, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1109/LCSYS.2026.3711599

BibTeX
@article{tongxin-vigilmpc,
  title = {{VigilMPC: Certified Online Tube Model Predictive Control for Safe Real-Time Neuromodulation}},
  author = {Yu Mao and Zhichao Liang and Junxiang Zhang and Quanying Liu and Tongxin Li},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {IEEE Control Systems Letters},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/LCSYS.2026.3711599},
  doi = {10.1109/LCSYS.2026.3711599}
}
2026ICML

World Models in Pieces: Structural Certification for General Agents

Yikai Lu, Yifei Wu, Xinyu Lu, Tongxin Li

Structural certification links performance on compositional goals to local guarantees on world model transitions. The results identify reliable pieces of a model without requiring universal competence, and establish limits on the precision of such guarantees.

Which parts of an agent's world model can support reliable planning? large language models LLM agents contextual control world models reinforcement learning dueling bandits information theory graph learning sample complexity compressed sensing graph neural networks Riemannian geometry
2025CDC

INSTRUCT MPC: A Human-LLM-in-the-Loop Framework for Context-Aware Control

Ruixiang Wu, Jiahao Ai, Tongxin Li

A language to distribution module converts contextual instructions into disturbance predictions for MPC. The framework closes the loop between instructions, predictions, and control, with a regret analysis for linear dynamics under the stated training assumptions.

How can human instructions improve predictive control? large language models LLM agents contextual control world models reinforcement learning dueling bandits model predictive control MPC stability recursive feasibility distributed control system level synthesis AI for energy electric vehicle charging demand response renewable energy load forecasting decarbonization